CONTENT SOURCES / PRE-LAUNCH

SOURCENOTICES.

The licenses and source notices for word meanings used by Yanko. The current notice is a product record and requires legal review before public launch.

WIKTIONARY AND KAIKKI

Some English word meanings and direct translations are derived from English Wiktionary data distributed through Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Those materials are used under the applicable Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike and GNU Free Documentation License terms.

Where an active word book resolves to this source, the Library displays the definition source and this notice remains available from the word book. Derivative word-meaning data must retain the required attribution and share-alike notices.

ECDICT

The IELTS word-list selection and Simplified Chinese source meanings include ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License.

LOCALIZED DEFINITIONS

Some definition layers are generated locally from a source definition or converted deterministically between Simplified and Traditional Chinese. The Library identifies the resolved source layer. Machine-assisted output is subject to format validation, audit sampling, and correction; it is not presented as a human-authored dictionary.

MODEL AND TOOL NOTICES

The local M2M100 418M translation model is distributed under the MIT License. OpenCC and CTranslate2 are used for deterministic conversion or local inference under their respective open-source licenses. Model notices do not alter the license terms of source word meanings.

Apertium English-German Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 3 or later (Apertium apertium-eng-deu commit c48d40ec89ba8eaf78231087ca8abfc6ebdd3e19). Version: c48d40ec89ba8eaf78231087ca8abfc6ebdd3e19.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-eng-deu/tree/c48d40ec89ba8eaf78231087ca8abfc6ebdd3e19

Derived from Apertium English-German bilingual dictionary entries. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-3.0-or-later notice, and Apertium attribution.

Apertium English-Italian Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 3 or later (Apertium apertium-eng-ita commit 2939c046d00ff4342d43c9f0573433c1434e8641). Version: 2939c046d00ff4342d43c9f0573433c1434e8641.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-eng-ita/tree/2939c046d00ff4342d43c9f0573433c1434e8641

Derived from Apertium English-Italian bilingual dictionary entries. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-3.0-or-later notice, and Apertium attribution.

Apertium English-Polish Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 2 or later (Apertium apertium-eng-pol commit f2b90c1181b2e001bd1c3de8f479720b1d03f872). Version: f2b90c1181b2e001bd1c3de8f479720b1d03f872; dix-sha256=D440D9E75117539BFCBC5427134ABC2DA4D566176470D6E98887AEE75D06D9F9; COPYING-sha256=231F7EDCC7352D7734A96EEF0B8030F77982678C516876FCB81E25B32D68564C.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-eng-pol/tree/f2b90c1181b2e001bd1c3de8f479720b1d03f872

Derived from Apertium English-Polish bilingual dictionary entries. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-2.0-or-later notice, and Apertium attribution.

Apertium English-Spanish Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 2 or later (Apertium apertium-eng-spa commit e10760b12058f16f2f91a7292f4fd676dafd7c1e). Version: e10760b12058f16f2f91a7292f4fd676dafd7c1e.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-eng-spa/tree/e10760b12058f16f2f91a7292f4fd676dafd7c1e

Derived from Apertium English-Spanish bilingual dictionary entries. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-2.0-or-later notice, and Apertium attribution.

Apertium French-English Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 3 or later (Apertium apertium-fra-eng commit a039645531c36724dd996dc1b38f4957e9183a7b). Version: a039645531c36724dd996dc1b38f4957e9183a7b+C7535195B577815F44AB4706B56CEEAC0F36013D4C8DD127D734B335F93AD556.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-fra-eng/tree/a039645531c36724dd996dc1b38f4957e9183a7b

Derived from Apertium French-English bilingual dictionary entries. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-3.0-or-later notice, and Apertium attribution.

Apertium Thai-English Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 2 or later (Apertium apertium-tha-eng commit 4a418390501c902eb83ae8061ccf41ab9b274075), with Thai WordNet and Princeton WordNet attribution notices retained from LICENSE_THA_WN and LICENSE_ENG_WN. Version: 4a418390501c902eb83ae8061ccf41ab9b274075:dix-sha256-DA4A6F00B0599864E38A75D1D5783A32ACED35C61FF5007853F7371D3F040C2F:copying-sha256-231F7EDCC7352D7734A96EEF0B8030F77982678C516876FCB81E25B32D68564C:thai-wordnet-sha256-B3C0CE7A086F7B57ECBA69751E8B00371DE00C49EBA8CA4676FCCE43BF2AF552:princeton-wordnet-sha256-F9CA291B5A784892AAD942E657267C022987739C7313B83E5E0A60633E7AF839.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-tha-eng/tree/4a418390501c902eb83ae8061ccf41ab9b274075

Derived from Apertium Thai-English bilingual dictionary entries read in reverse for English-to-Thai definitions. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-2.0-or-later notice, Thai WordNet notice, Princeton WordNet notice, and Apertium attribution.

Apertium Turkish-English Bilingual Dictionary

License: GNU General Public License version 3 (Apertium apertium-tur-eng commit 5c11be8ad751f2e85fd5165630ced45374f3eff3). Version: 5c11be8ad751f2e85fd5165630ced45374f3eff3:dix-sha256-169D7BBDEF7CCF6BF2923F0D8FB6F2F7E6CFBD399C2621A6BC7165C097125536:copying-sha256-3972DC9744F6499F0F9B2DBF76696F2AE7AD8AF9B23DDE66D6AF86C9DFB36986.

Source: https://github.com/apertium/apertium-tur-eng/tree/5c11be8ad751f2e85fd5165630ced45374f3eff3

Derived from Apertium Turkish-English bilingual dictionary entries read in reverse for English-to-Turkish definitions. Retain the fixed commit, source SHA-256, GPL-3.0 notice, and Apertium attribution.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: 1a6947e04785db63613a92e14903cdae7954f7e84860b10e68e5c7cbb3f9c3cf.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT

License: MIT Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000, distributed under the MIT License. Selection policy by Yanko.

ECDICT + Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: MIT; CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: english-curated-v1.

Source: https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT

ECDICT by skywind3000 (MIT). GMAT domain categories are derived from English Wiktionary through Kaikki.org and Wiktextract (CC BY-SA and GFDL). Selection policy by Yanko.

EDRDG JMdict Japanese-English Dictionary

License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0), per the EDRDG General Dictionary Licence Statement. Version: 2026-08-04T03:30:22Z.

Source: https://www.edrdg.org/pub/Nihongo/JMdict_e.gz

Derived from the EDRDG JMdict Japanese-English Dictionary. Retain the fixed snapshot URL, SHA-256, EDRDG licence statement, CC BY-SA 4.0 attribution, and applicable share-alike notices.

FreeDict English-Arabic

License: GNU General Public License version 2 or later (package COPYING and TEI header, FreeDict eng-ara edition 0.6.3 at commit 5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7). Version: 5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7.

Source: https://github.com/freedict/fd-dictionaries/tree/5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7/eng-ara

Derived from the named FreeDict bilingual dictionary. Retain the package-specific contributor and license notices.

FreeDict English-Dutch

License: Package-specific license; review the exact package COPYING file before distribution. Version: 0.2.

Source: https://freedict.org/

Derived from the named FreeDict bilingual dictionary. Retain the package-specific contributor and license notices.

FreeDict English-French

License: GNU General Public License version 2 or later (package COPYING and TEI header, FreeDict eng-fra commit 5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7). Version: 0.1.6+git-5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7.

Source: https://github.com/freedict/fd-dictionaries/tree/5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7/eng-fra

Derived from the named FreeDict bilingual dictionary. Retain the package-specific contributor and license notices.

FreeDict English-Hindi

License: GNU General Public License version 2 or later (package COPYING and TEI header, FreeDict eng-hin edition 1.6 at commit 5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7). Version: 1.6+5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7.

Source: https://github.com/freedict/fd-dictionaries/tree/5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7/eng-hin

Derived from the named FreeDict bilingual dictionary. Retain the package-specific contributor and license notices.

FreeDict English-Portuguese

License: Package-specific license; review the exact package COPYING file before distribution. Version: 0.3+5bdceeac8d0dba3298c1bebe734f60d54dad30f7.

Source: https://freedict.org/

Derived from the named FreeDict bilingual dictionary. Retain the package-specific contributor and license notices.

Kaikki.org French Reverse Dictionary Evidence for GRE

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (French Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract). Version: artifact-sha256:82073b1c05f7fede67edc04faed4f7a9df4bb0ea1e0a35257a8c31e8129f9fa0.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/French/index.html

Definitions are derived from French Wiktionary entries through Kaikki.org and Wiktextract, with exact English lemma and part-of-speech evidence retained in the audited artifact. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Indonesian Reverse Dictionary Evidence for GRE

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Indonesian Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract). Version: artifact-sha256:68c9d8a5506b5a33f0f6e5bb48316abe19251cbc01f9deb001bd94842cbe9806.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Indonesian/index.html

Definitions are derived from Indonesian Wiktionary entries through Kaikki.org and Wiktextract, with exact English lemma and part-of-speech evidence retained in the audited artifact. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Polish Reverse Dictionary Evidence for GRE

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Polish Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract). Version: artifact-sha256:60975557e1c2d62cfbfa675b9ee444612facd51b1fc6c9e2d09caac864c24dd6.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Polish/index.html

Definitions are derived from Polish Wiktionary entries through Kaikki.org and Wiktextract, with exact English lemma and part-of-speech evidence retained in the audited artifact. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Vietnamese Reverse Dictionary Evidence for GRE

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Vietnamese Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract). Version: artifact-sha256:24e1c579a46de6819ca84bf9746efa7f200f8e619b33deca279d531cfa850a2c.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Vietnamese/index.html

Definitions are derived from Vietnamese Wiktionary entries through Kaikki.org and Wiktextract, with exact English lemma and part-of-speech evidence retained in the audited artifact. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-25.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/English/kaikki.org-dictionary-English.jsonl.gz

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-30.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/English/kaikki.org-dictionary-English.jsonl.gz

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-20-etag-6a5e1345-ba311f3.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Korean/kaikki.org-dictionary-Korean.jsonl

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-20-etag-6a5e1183-5b136d7.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/German/kaikki.org-dictionary-German.jsonl

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-20-etag-6a5e1015-3588b5a.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/French/kaikki.org-dictionary-French.jsonl

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-20-etag-6a5e0ffa-557778d.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Spanish/kaikki.org-dictionary-Spanish.jsonl

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.

Kaikki.org Wiktextract data from English Wiktionary

License: CC BY-SA and GFDL (Wiktionary) Version: 2026-07-20-etag-6a5e0f8d-2c8e687.

Source: https://kaikki.org/dictionary/Japanese/kaikki.org-dictionary-Japanese.jsonl

Derived from Wiktionary via Kaikki.org and Wiktextract. Retain applicable CC BY-SA and GFDL attribution and share-alike notices.